Modal Shift
The demand for public transport, in particular rail, has risen in recent years. This 'modal shift' is often attributed to the following push and pull factors.
Push Factors:
Increased Motoring Costs
Motoring costs have risen steeply in recent years. Fuel prices alone have increased significantly and combined with road tax and insurance, traveling by private car can be very expensive.
Congested Roads
Congestion in urban areas and on motorways is at very high levels today. In contrast, journey times and reliability of bus and rail has dramatically improved.
Environmental Awareness
Rail and bus have superior environmental credentials to the private car. Increasingly the public are looking at ways to reduce their carbon footprint and government policies such as the UK Climate Change Act promote the use of public transport.
Healthier Lifestyles
We are increasingly seeking healthier lifestyles. Instead of taking the car we may choose to cycle to the train station or walk to the bus stop. In addition, the combination of rising congestion and accelerating motoring costs are shaping a more positive attitude towards public transport.
Pull Factors:
Improved Quality
Investment by operating companies and increased funding from the government in public transport has resulted in higher quality services. Journey times have improved and services are more frequent and reliable.
Value For Money
Bus travel is widely regarded as the cheapest mode of public transport. A month's bus pass can often be cheaper than filling up a car with a tank of petrol. Contrary to public perception rail travel can be very good value for money, especially if booking in advance or travelling off-peak.
Priority Bus Measures
Central and local government policies have become more public transport friendly in recent years. For example the introduction of congestion charging in London, dedicated bus lanes and park & ride schemes across the UK.
Convenience
Public transport can be a very convenient way to travel. With increasing road congestion traveling by bus or rail can often be quicker and more relaxing than traveling by car.
Safer
Investment by operating companies and local / central government in CCTV on buses, trains and stations, coupled with the enforcement of the British Transport Police has significantly improved the safety and the perception of safety on public transport.
